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Compared with an endocrine signal, a signal passing through a gap junction is limited to

  • A.cells within a few millimetres
  • B.every cell in the same organ
  • C.every cell reached by the blood
  • D.cells in direct physical contact

Answer: D

Correct answer: cells in direct physical contact

A gap junction is a channel joining the cytoplasms of two adjacent cells, so ions and small molecules pass only between cells that touch. That makes it the shortest-range signalling there is, and the fastest - which is why it synchronises the contraction of cardiac and smooth muscle, where the coupling must be essentially instantaneous.

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