Discussion
When cell components are fractionated by sedimentation, the correct order (from lower to higher gravitational force, \(g\)) in which the components get separated is _______.
Answer: A
The order is nuclei, mitochondria, microsomes, and ribosomes.
In differential centrifugation, larger and denser particles sediment at lower forces. Nuclei, the largest organelles, pellet first at about 600 to 1000 g. Mitochondria (and lysosomes, peroxisomes) come down next at roughly 10,000 to 20,000 g. Microsomes, the vesicles formed from the endoplasmic reticulum, need around 100,000 g, and free ribosomes and large macromolecules need the highest forces, about 150,000 to 300,000 g.
The other orders put small particles such as ribosomes or microsomes ahead of the much larger nuclei or mitochondria, which reverses the dependence of sedimentation on size.
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