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Setting and hardening of cement occur by

  • A.evaporation of the mixing water
  • B.carbonation by atmospheric carbon dioxide
  • C.crystallisation of the added gypsum
  • D.hydration of the clinker compounds

Answer: D

Correct answer: hydration of the clinker compounds

Cement sets by chemical reaction with water, not by drying. The silicates and aluminates hydrate to form calcium silicate hydrate gel and calcium hydroxide, and it is the interlocking gel that gives strength. This is why cement hardens perfectly well under water, and why allowing concrete to dry out is a defect rather than a step in the process.

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