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Spalling of a refractory is the

  • A.loss of its porosity in service
  • B.cracking and flaking away of its surface
  • C.gradual fusion of its working face
  • D.chemical attack by the slag in contact

Answer: B

Uneven expansion between a hot face and a cooler interior sets up stresses that break pieces away, and rapid temperature cycling is the usual cause. A low coefficient of expansion and a controlled porosity both help resist it.

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