Discussion
Assertion (A): Limestone can replace part of the clinker in cement without much loss of strength.
Reason (R): Fine limestone improves particle packing and reacts to a limited extent with the aluminate phase.
Answer: C
Correct answer: Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
Both are true and the reason gives the mechanism. The limestone is not merely inert filler: its fine particles improve the packing and provide nucleation sites, and it reacts with the aluminate phase to form carboaluminates. Together those effects offset much of the dilution, which is why the substitution is permitted by standards rather than merely tolerated.
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