Discussion
'Which of the following federal principles are not found in Indian federation?
1. Bifurcation of the judiciary between the Federal and State Governments
2. Equality of representation of all the states in the upper house of the Federal Legislature
3. The Union cannot be destroyed by any state seceding from the Union at its will
4. Federal Government can redraw the map of the Indian Union by forming new States
Answer: C
The principles not found are 1 and 2 only.
India has a single, integrated judiciary, with the Supreme Court above the High Courts, rather than separate federal and state court systems (1). And states are not equally represented in the Rajya Sabha; seats are allotted roughly by population, unlike the US Senate (2).
Items 3 and 4 do describe India: no state has a right to secede, and under Article 3 Parliament can form new states and alter boundaries. Since they are found in the Indian system, options including them are wrong.
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