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For a glass marginally below its glass transition temperature, which one of the following statements is true?

  • A.Glass has higher enthalpy than both the corresponding crystalline and liquid phases
  • B.Glass has lower enthalpy than both the corresponding crystalline and liquid phases
  • C.Glass has higher entropy than the corresponding crystalline phase and lower entropy than the corresponding liquid phase
  • D.Glass has lower entropy than the corresponding crystalline phase and higher entropy than the corresponding liquid phase

Answer: C

The true statement is that glass has higher entropy than the corresponding crystalline phase and lower entropy than the corresponding liquid phase.

A glass is a liquid whose structure was frozen in at the glass transition. Just below \(T_{g}\) it keeps the disorder of the liquid at \(T_{g}\), so its entropy (and enthalpy) is well above that of the ordered crystal, but below that of the equilibrium supercooled liquid at the same temperature, which would have continued to lose entropy only if it could relax.

For the same reason the glass's enthalpy lies between the crystal's and the liquid's, so it is neither higher nor lower than both, and its entropy cannot be below the crystal's.

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