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Which reading indicates an undercharging system?

  • A.Exactly 12.6 volts, which shows that the alternator is producing precisely the open circuit voltage of the battery
  • B.Below about 13.5 volts with the engine running
  • C.About 14.2 volts, which is the correct figure and therefore indicates that the system is functioning normally
  • D.Above 15 volts

Answer: B

A running engine should show at least 13.5 volts at the battery and typically around 14.2. A reading of battery rest voltage means the alternator is contributing nothing, which makes the last option a specific case of undercharging. Most errors here come from carrying across a result from a neighbouring case where it does not hold. The order in which the effects act is what decides the outcome, so it is worth establishing first. The quantity that varies and the quantity that does not are worth naming before any substitution is attempted.

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