Discussion
Consider the following statements about temperature and equilibrium.
1. An exothermic reaction has a smaller equilibrium constant at higher temperature.
2. An endothermic reaction is favoured by raising the temperature.
3. Temperature has no effect on the equilibrium constant.
Answer: C
Correct answer: 1 and 2 only
Statements 1 and 2 are the van ’t Hoff result: \[ \frac{\mathrm{d}\ln K}{\mathrm{d}T} = \frac{\Delta H^{\circ}}{RT^{2}}, \] so \( K \) falls with temperature when the reaction is exothermic and rises when it is endothermic. Statement 3 denies the whole relation, and temperature is in fact the only variable that changes \( K \) at all.
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