Discussion
Which of the following substances are present on the rubbing surface of a matchbox ?
Answer: A
The rubbing surface carries glass powder and red phosphorus.
In a safety match, the side of the box is coated with powdered glass, which provides friction, and a little red phosphorus. Striking the match converts some red phosphorus to white phosphorus, which catches fire and ignites the match head, made of antimony trisulphide and potassium chlorate.
White phosphorus is not used on the box, because it is poisonous and catches fire on its own in air; its use in matches was abandoned for safety. Magnesium and potassium are not part of the striking surface.
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