Discussion
(A) Sunita takes 0.5 g of Sodium Carbonate in a test-tube and adds 5 ml of Dilute Hydrochloric acid.
(B) She passes the gas produced in the above reaction through Lime water.
Which of the following represents the chemical reactions taking place in (A) and (B) ?
Answer: C
The reactions are \(\mathrm{Na_2CO_3 + 2HCl \rightarrow 2NaCl + H_2O + CO_2}\) and \(\mathrm{Ca(OH)_2 + CO_2 \rightarrow CaCO_3 + H_2O}\).
Sunita uses sodium carbonate, \(\mathrm{Na_2CO_3}\), not sodium hydrogen carbonate, \(\mathrm{NaHCO_3}\), so options 1 and 4 have the wrong first reaction. The carbon dioxide produced turns lime water, calcium hydroxide, milky by forming insoluble calcium carbonate.
The reaction \(\mathrm{CaCO_3 + H_2O + CO_2 \rightarrow Ca(HCO_3)_2}\) in options 1 and 2 happens only when excess carbon dioxide is passed and the milkiness disappears; it is not the first reaction with lime water.
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