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What are the metallic constituents of hard water ?

  • A.Magnesium, Calcium and Tin
  • B.Iron, Tin and Calcium
  • C.Calcium, Magnesium and Iron
  • D.Magnesium, Tin and Iron

Answer: C

The metallic constituents of hard water are calcium, magnesium and iron.

Water becomes hard by dissolving salts of calcium and magnesium, as bicarbonates, chlorides and sulphates, from rocks such as limestone and dolomite. These ions form scum with soap and scale in boilers. Dissolved iron, common in groundwater, also contributes to hardness and staining.

Tin is not a constituent of natural hard water, so every option that includes tin is wrong.

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