Discussion
Consider the following types of solids :
1. Molecular solids
2. Ionic solids
3. Covalent network solids
4. Metallic solids
How many of the above types of solids exhibit electrical conductivity, malleability and ductility ?
Answer: A
Only one type of solid has all three properties: Only one, the metallic solids.
In a metal, positive ions sit in a sea of delocalised electrons. The free electrons conduct electricity, and because the bonding is non-directional, layers of ions can slide over one another without breaking the solid, which makes metals malleable and ductile.
Ionic solids conduct only when molten or dissolved and are brittle. Covalent network solids such as diamond are hard and brittle (graphite conducts but is not malleable). Molecular solids are soft, low-melting insulators.
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