Discussion
Assertion (A) : Post mature babies are generally long and thin as they receive insufficient blood supply towards the end of gestation.
Reason (R) : The aged placenta is less efficient to supply oxygen.
Answer: A
Post-mature babies, born after 42 weeks, are long and thin, with dry peeling skin, because the ageing placenta cannot supply enough food and oxygen at the end of gestation. The reason gives exactly this cause, so (R) explains (A). Both statements are correct, and the options calling either of them wrong are rejected. The placenta works well for a limited time, and by the end of a long gestation its efficiency falls, so the fetus gets less oxygen and nutrients and loses fat under the skin, which gives the long, thin look. That chain shows that (R) gives the cause of (A).
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