Discussion
The membrane cell has displaced the others chiefly because it
Answer: A
Correct answer: gives pure caustic at lower energy use
The ion-exchange membrane passes sodium ions and blocks chloride, so the caustic produced is essentially free of salt and needs no evaporation to purify it. Combined with a lower cell voltage than the diaphragm and mercury routes, that gives the lowest energy consumption of the three - and it avoids both mercury and asbestos, which settled the matter.
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