Discussion
Assertion (A): Membrane cells require far purer brine than diaphragm cells.
Reason (R): Hardness ions deposit within the membrane and raise its electrical resistance irreversibly.
Answer: D
Correct answer: Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
Both are true and the reason gives the mechanism. Calcium and magnesium hydroxides precipitate inside the membrane where the pH rises, blocking the ion-conducting channels and raising the cell voltage permanently - the damage cannot be washed out. A diaphragm is far more tolerant because it is a porous barrier rather than a selective one, which is why membrane plants carry ion-exchange polishing that diaphragm plants do not need.
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