Discussion
(a) He sailed for New York on Monday, arriving there on Sunday.
(b) The mother asked her boy where he had been all the afternoon.
(c) He said, "What a pity you did not come !"
(d) Everybody was satisfied with his work.
Answer: A
The incorrect sentence is He sailed for New York on Monday, arriving there on Sunday.
A present participle such as 'arriving' describes an action happening at the same time as the main verb. Sailing on Monday and arriving on Sunday are separate actions six days apart, so they must be joined by a finite verb: He sailed for New York on Monday and arrived there on Sunday.
The others are correct: the reported question 'where he had been all the afternoon', the exclamation 'What a pity you did not come!', and 'Everybody was satisfied with his work', where 'everybody' correctly takes a singular verb and pronoun.
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