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According to Rāmānuja, the relation between Self and God is that of

  • A.Identity
  • B.Difference
  • C.Both identity and difference
  • D.Neither identity nor difference

Answer: C

According to Rāmānuja the relation between the self and God is that of both identity and difference, option C. The soul is a mode or attribute of God and is inseparable from Him, as the body is from the soul, so it is one with God as a part of Him and yet is different from Him.

Pure identity (option A) is Śaṅkara's view, and pure difference (option B) is Madhva's. Option D, neither, is wrong because the relation is one of difference in identity. This is the central claim of Viśiṣṭādvaita.

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