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According to S'ankarācārya the world is real only as ...........

  • A.Pāramārthika Sattā
  • B.Vyāvahārika Sattā
  • C.Both (A) and (B)
  • D.Neither (A) nor (B)

Answer: B

For Śaṅkara the world is real only as Vyāvahārika Sattā, empirical or practical reality.

Advaita distinguishes three levels of being: pāramārthika (ultimate reality, which belongs to Brahman alone), vyāvahārika (the empirical world of everyday experience and action, valid until liberating knowledge) and prātibhāsika (illusory appearances such as the snake seen in a rope).

The world is not ultimately real, since it is sublated by knowledge of Brahman, so Pāramārthika and 'both' are wrong. Nor is it simply unreal, because it works in practice and is not sublated within ordinary experience, so 'neither' is wrong too.

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