Discussion
Nirvikalpaka and Savikalpaka are two stages of pratyakṣa Jñāna. This view is held by the :
Answer: A
This view is held by the Naiyāyikas.
Nyāya divides ordinary perception into two stages: nirvikalpaka, the bare, indeterminate apprehension of an object, and savikalpaka, the determinate perception in which it is recognised as qualified by a name and a universal ('this is a pot'). Both are valid perception.
The Buddhists (Diṅnāga, Dharmakīrti) accept only the indeterminate stage as perception; determinate cognition is for them conceptual construction (kalpanā), not perception. The Cārvākas accept perception as the sole pramāṇa but this two-stage analysis is not theirs.
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