Discussion
State whether the following is true or false.
All clay minerals swell substantially when wetted.
Answer: A
Correct answer: False
Only the smectites swell substantially, montmorillonite being the important case. Kaolinite does not, because its layers are hydrogen bonded together, and illite does not, because its interlayer potassium locks the layers. That difference in swelling is what separates a clay used as a body from one used in a few per cent as a plasticiser or a drilling additive.
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