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Assertion (A): Internal variability can produce climate fluctuations with no external cause at all.
Reason (R): The coupled ocean atmosphere system has its own modes of oscillation.

  • A.Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
  • B.Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
  • C.A is true but R is false
  • D.A is false but R is true

Answer: A

Correct answer: Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

Both are true and the reason gives the mechanism. The ocean and atmosphere are coupled non-linear fluids with their own modes of oscillation, so the system can move from one state to another with no push from outside - El Nino being the clearest case. This is why detecting a forced trend requires an estimate of the internal variability against which to judge it.

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