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The Twomey effect refers to

  • A.increased cloud lifetime from suppressed precipitation
  • B.the freezing of supercooled droplets on ice nuclei
  • C.the evaporation of cloud droplets by absorbing aerosol
  • D.increased cloud albedo from a greater number of nuclei

Answer: D

It is the first indirect aerosol effect and concerns brightness alone at fixed water content. The second option describes the lifetime or Albrecht effect, which is a separate and later idea. The two are frequently conflated but concern different cloud properties.

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