Discussion
Assertion (A): Water level and wave height must be considered jointly in shallow water design.
Reason (R): The wave that reaches the toe is limited by the depth available at that moment.
Answer: A
Correct answer: Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
Both are true and the reason gives the mechanism. Depth-limited breaking caps the wave height at roughly 0.6 to 0.8 of the water depth, so the design condition is the joint occurrence of a water level and a wave, not the worst of each taken separately. The largest wave at the toe usually arrives on a high surge tide, and it is that combination, at its own joint probability, that the design must be checked against.
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