Discussion
Consider the following statements about coastal monitoring.
1. Long records are needed to separate trend from fluctuation.
2. Consistent methods allow data to be compared between frontages.
3. A single year of data is sufficient to establish a trend.
Answer: B
Correct answer: 1 and 2 only
Statements 1 and 2 are correct: a decade or more is needed before a trend emerges from storm and seasonal variation, and consistent methods are what make frontages comparable. Statement 3 is exactly the error that long records exist to prevent - a single year’s change may be an unusually stormy winter, and acting on it as a trend has led to a great deal of unnecessary defence.
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