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Ply drop-offs, where plies terminate to taper a laminate, are fatigue-sensitive because

  • A.No load passes through that region
  • B.The fibres are cut at right angles
  • C.Its load transfers abruptly to its neighbours
  • D.The laminate becomes thicker there

Answer: C

Ending a ply forces its load into the neighbours over a short distance, producing out-of-plane stress at the drop. Staggering the drops and tapering gradually are the standard measures, and the detail is a classic delamination origin.

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