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Which substances were identified as catalysing ozone destruction?

  • A.Water droplets
  • B.Sulphate aerosol particles injected into the stratosphere by the largest explosive volcanic eruptions
  • C.Chlorofluorocarbons releasing chlorine radicals
  • D.Carbon dioxide molecules, which absorb infrared radiation and warm the lower part of the stratosphere

Answer: C

Molina and Rowland showed that chlorofluorocarbons, being inert in the troposphere, reach the stratosphere intact and are then photolysed to release chlorine atoms that catalytically destroy ozone. A single chlorine atom can destroy many thousands of ozone molecules. Volcanic sulphate does provide surfaces for heterogeneous chemistry, which makes that a genuine contributory factor rather than a wholly wrong answer. Working one numerical case through both cases side by side fixes the distinction better than any rule of thumb.

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