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Which condition allows the Antarctic ozone hole to form?

  • A.An isolated and extremely cold polar vortex
  • B.The high concentration of ozone over Antarctica during the summer, which provides the material for the loss
  • C.Strong ultraviolet radiation
  • D.The presence of large amounts of water vapour transported into the polar stratosphere during the winter

Answer: A

Temperatures below about 195 kelvin allow polar stratospheric clouds to form, and their surfaces convert reservoir chlorine species into forms that photolyse readily when sunlight returns. The isolation of the vortex prevents replenishment. The rapid loss then occurs in spring, which is why the hole appears in September and October rather than in midwinter darkness. A limit that survives making every external component ideal is an intrinsic one, and worth knowing for that reason.

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