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In the Big Bang model of formation and evolution of universe, the temperatures of Universe evolved from :

  • A.\(10^{83}\) to \(10^{5}\) K
  • B.−100 K to \(10^{13}\) K
  • C.\(10^{15}\) to \(10^{3}\) K
  • D.\(10^{13}\) K to 3 K

Answer: D

In the Big Bang model the temperature of the universe fell from about \(10^{13}\) K to 3 K.

About a microsecond after the Big Bang the universe was at roughly \(10^{13}\) K, hot enough for quarks to combine into protons and neutrons. As it expanded it cooled: to about \(10^{9}\) K during the first few minutes, when helium nuclei formed, and to about 3000 K some 380,000 years later, when atoms formed and the cosmic background radiation was released. That radiation has now cooled to about 2.7 K, the '3 K' of the option.

A negative temperature on the kelvin scale (−100 K) is impossible, and the other ranges end at \(10^{5}\) K or \(10^{3}\) K, far above today's temperature of the universe.

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