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Hypersonic flow is conventionally taken to begin above a Mach number of about

  • A.3
  • B.10
  • C.5
  • D.1

Answer: C

Mach five is the usual dividing line, chosen because above it several effects that can be ignored at lower supersonic speeds become important together: strong shock layers, viscous interaction, entropy layers and real-gas behaviour such as dissociation. Like the Mach 0.3 threshold, it is a convention rather than a discontinuity.

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