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Drag divergence on an aerofoil in transonic flow is caused principally by

  • A.A sudden increase in skin friction
  • B.The appearance of induced drag
  • C.A fall in the free-stream density
  • D.Wave drag from shocks and the separation they provoke

Answer: D

Once the local supersonic pocket terminates in a shock, entropy losses across the shock appear as wave drag, and the adverse gradient behind it often separates the boundary layer as well. Both effects arrive together at the drag-divergence Mach number and account for the sharp rise in drag.

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