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The physical reason a supersonic nozzle must diverge to accelerate the flow is that

  • A.Above Mach one the density falls faster than the velocity rises
  • B.Above Mach one the density rises faster than the velocity
  • C.Friction dominates above Mach one
  • D.The speed of sound becomes constant above Mach one

Answer: A

Continuity requires the product of density, velocity and area to stay constant. Above Mach one the fractional fall in density outpaces the fractional rise in velocity, so the area must increase to keep the product fixed. Below Mach one the balance is the other way round and a converging duct accelerates the flow.

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