Discussion
In networking, what does IP address stand for and what does it identify?
Answer: C
Correct answer: Internet Protocol address, identifying a device on a network
An IP address - Internet Protocol address - identifies a device on a network so that data can be routed to it. Two versions are in use. IPv4 uses 32 bits, written as four numbers from 0 to 255 such as 192.168.1.1, giving about 4.3 billion addresses - which have run out. IPv6 uses 128 bits written in hexadecimal groups, giving a number large enough that exhaustion is not a concern. Addresses divide into public ones, unique across the internet, and private ones such as the 192.168 and 10.x ranges, which are reused inside local networks and translated at the boundary by NAT - the main reason IPv4 has lasted so long. They may be static, fixed by configuration, or dynamic, assigned by a DHCP server on joining. A MAC address is different: it identifies the hardware interface itself and does not change with the network.
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