Discussion
Which of these performs the arithmetic and logic operations in a computer?
Answer: D
Correct answer: ALU
The arithmetic logic unit carries out arithmetic operations such as addition and subtraction and logical operations such as AND, OR, NOT and XOR, together with shifts and comparisons. It is one of the three parts of the central processing unit, the others being the control unit, which fetches and decodes instructions and directs the rest of the machine, and the registers, which hold the operands and results the ALU works on. Alongside its result the ALU sets flag bits - zero, carry, sign and overflow - and those flags are what conditional branch instructions test, which is how a program makes decisions. RAM and ROM are memory and store data rather than operate on it, and a bus is a set of parallel conductors carrying data, addresses or control signals between components. Subtraction inside the ALU is performed as addition of the 2’s complement, which is why no separate subtractor is needed.
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