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Which of these correctly describes a tri-state buffer?

  • A.Its output can be logic 0, logic 1, or a high-impedance state
  • B.It has three inputs and one output
  • C.It produces three simultaneous outputs
  • D.It operates on three-valued logic internally

Answer: A

Correct answer: Its output can be logic 0, logic 1, or a high-impedance state

A tri-state buffer has an ordinary data input, an output, and an enable control. When enabled it passes the input through; when disabled its output enters a high-impedance state, effectively disconnecting it from the wire. That third state is not a logic level. It is the electrical condition of being neither driving high nor driving low, and it is what makes shared buses possible. Many devices can be wired to the same set of conductors provided that only one is enabled at a time; the rest float and do not interfere. Without it, two outputs driving the same line at opposite levels would create a short circuit from supply to ground - called bus contention - which wastes power and can damage the devices. The high-impedance state is written Z in truth tables and simulation. The alternative arrangement for a shared line is the open-collector or open-drain output with a pull-up resistor.

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