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A multiplexer is a circuit that

  • A.selects one of several inputs and routes it to a single output
  • B.routes one input to one of several outputs
  • C.converts a binary code into a decimal digit
  • D.adds two binary numbers

Answer: B

Correct answer: selects one of several inputs and routes it to a single output

A multiplexer, or data selector, has several data inputs, one output, and a set of select lines that decide which input reaches the output. A multiplexer with \( n \) select lines can choose among \( 2^{n} \) inputs, so a 4-to-1 multiplexer needs two select lines and an 8-to-1 needs three. Its inverse is the demultiplexer, described by the second option, which takes one input and routes it to one of several outputs. The two are used together to send many signals over a single shared line and separate them again at the far end - the principle behind time-division multiplexing in communications. A decoder, the third option, converts an \( n \)-bit code into one of \( 2^{n} \) active outputs and is used for address decoding in memory; an encoder does the reverse. Multiplexers can also implement arbitrary logic functions directly, which makes them useful beyond data routing.

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