Discussion
Initial weight estimation in conceptual design relies heavily on
Answer: D
Correct answer: Statistics from existing aircraft
At the start of conceptual design almost nothing has been defined, so there is no structure to analyse and no shape to test. What is available is the record of aircraft already built, from which empty weight fraction correlates well against take-off weight within a class. A regression on that data gives a usable first estimate in minutes. Finite element analysis, wind tunnel work and part-by-part accounting all require a design that does not yet exist, and they arrive in later phases as the definition firms up.
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