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The bilinear transformation :

\(f(z) = \dfrac{3z + 4}{5z + 6}\) from \(\mathbf{C} - \left\{-\dfrac{6}{5}\right\}\) to \(\mathbf{C}\)

assumes all complex values, except :

  • A.\(\dfrac{5}{3}\)
  • B.\(-\dfrac{4}{3}\)
  • C.\(-\dfrac{6}{5}\)
  • D.\(\dfrac{3}{5}\)

Answer: D

The omitted value is 3/5.

Solve \(w = \dfrac{3z + 4}{5z + 6}\) for \(z\): \(5wz + 6w = 3z + 4\), so

\[ z = \frac{4 - 6w}{5w - 3} \]

This gives a valid \(z\) for every \(w\) except \(w = 3/5\). That value is the limit of \(f(z)\) as \(z \to \infty\), the ratio of the leading coefficients, and since \(\infty\) is not in the domain it is never taken.

\(-6/5\) is the excluded point of the domain, not a missing value of the range. 5/3 and \(-4/3\) are both taken, at \(z = -9/4\) and \(z = -36/29\) respectively, as the formula for \(z\) shows.

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