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Let \(f : \mathbf{R}^{2} \to \mathbf{R}^{3}\) be a linear map and

\(A = \{(x, y) \in \mathbf{R}^{2} / |x| \le 1, |y| \le 1\}\).

Then :

  • A.\(f(A)\) is a connected subset of \(\mathbf{R}^{3}\)
  • B.\(f(A)\) is dense in \(\mathbf{R}^{3}\)
  • C.\(f(A)\) is an open subset of \(\mathbf{R}^{3}\)
  • D.\(f(A)\) is an unbounded subset of \(\mathbf{R}^{3}\)

Answer: A

\(f(A)\) is a connected subset of R3.

A is the closed square \([-1, 1] \times [-1, 1]\), which is connected (indeed convex) and compact. A linear map is continuous, and the continuous image of a connected set is connected. In fact \(f(A)\) is convex, since a linear map sends line segments to line segments.

The other options fail. \(f(A)\) is the continuous image of a compact set, so it is compact and in particular bounded, not unbounded. The image of R2 under a linear map into R3 lies in a subspace of dimension at most 2, a closed set with empty interior, so \(f(A)\) can be neither open in R3 nor dense in it.

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