Discussion
Assertion (A) : The Indian Constitution empowers the state to make special efforts for women and children and for advancement of socially and educationally backward classes.
Reason (R) : All round national development is not possible without bringing women and other backward classes on par with the rest of the community.
Codes :
Answer: A
The key is both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(A) is true: Article 15(3) allows the state to make special provisions for women and children, and Article 15(4) allows special provisions for the advancement of socially and educationally backward classes, the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes, as exceptions to the ban on discrimination.
(R) gives the reason behind these provisions. The framers recognised that formal equality alone would leave historically disadvantaged groups behind, and that the nation could not develop as a whole unless they were brought on par with the rest. Because this is the rationale for (A), the codes saying (R) does not explain (A), or that either is false, are wrong.
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