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What advantage does the constraint formulation have over general search?

  • A.The problem can be solved in polynomial time in every case
  • B.Inconsistent partial assignments can be pruned without enumeration
  • C.The state space is smaller than in the general formulation
  • D.Solutions can be found without any search being performed

Answer: B

Because the state is described by variables, an algorithm can detect that a partial assignment already violates a constraint and discard every completion of it at once, which an atomic representation cannot express. The space is the same size, search is still required and the problems remain NP hard in general. Recognising that the gain comes from the representation rather than from any cleverness in the algorithm connects this topic directly to the earlier discussion of state representations.

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