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What is the relationship between constraint programming and operations research?

  • A.Constraint programming is a branch of operations research
  • B.The two fields address entirely disjoint classes of problem
  • C.Operations research applies only to continuous optimisation
  • D.Both attack combinatorial problems with different primary techniques

Answer: D

Integer programming and constraint programming address overlapping territory, one through linear relaxations and cutting planes and the other through propagation and search, and hybrid systems combine them. Neither contains the other, the territories overlap heavily, and operations research covers discrete problems extensively. Two mature traditions attacking the same problems from different directions is a situation where knowing both pays disproportionately.

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