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A downspring is most likely to be needed on an aeroplane that is

  • A.Fitted with powered controls
  • B.Operating at high altitude only
  • C.Loaded well aft, with a shallow force gradient
  • D.Loaded well forward, with heavy controls

Answer: C

Aft loading reduces the static margin and with it the change of elevator angle and force with speed, so the gradient goes shallow and a downspring restores it by adding a nearly constant nose-down moment. A forward-loaded aeroplane has the opposite problem, heavy but well-graded controls. A powered aeroplane gets its gradient from the feel unit. Altitude changes dynamic pressure but is not what drives the need.

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