Discussion
Why are hinge moment derivatives measured across sideslip as well as incidence for a rudder?
Answer: A
For a vertical surface, sideslip is precisely what incidence is for a horizontal one: the angle at which the fin meets the flow, so the rudder's floating tendency and its hinge moment vary with it in exactly the way an elevator's vary with angle of attack. Large sideslip is also where the fin can stall and the rudder float hard over, the rudder lock condition, so the corner has to be measured rather than extrapolated. Dynamic pressure at the fin changes only slightly. Mass balance is a property of the structure. And the requirement exists because the physics demands it.
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