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Why are hinge moment derivatives measured across sideslip as well as incidence for a rudder?

  • A.Sideslip is the rudder's own local incidence
  • B.Sideslip changes the dynamic pressure at the fin
  • C.Sideslip alters the mass balance of the surface
  • D.The certification rules require the measurement without a technical reason

Answer: A

For a vertical surface, sideslip is precisely what incidence is for a horizontal one: the angle at which the fin meets the flow, so the rudder's floating tendency and its hinge moment vary with it in exactly the way an elevator's vary with angle of attack. Large sideslip is also where the fin can stall and the rudder float hard over, the rudder lock condition, so the corner has to be measured rather than extrapolated. Dynamic pressure at the fin changes only slightly. Mass balance is a property of the structure. And the requirement exists because the physics demands it.

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