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Why can a surface be perfectly mass balanced and still unacceptable?

  • A.Mass balance reduces control effectiveness
  • B.A mass balanced surface cannot be trimmed
  • C.Its stick forces may still be far too heavy
  • D.Mass balance always causes overbalance

Answer: C

Because the two problems are independent. Mass balance settles the flutter question by putting the surface's centre of gravity on the hinge; it does nothing whatever to the aerodynamic hinge moment, so the control can be flutter-free and still need forces no pilot could sustain. Conversely a beautifully light surface with its mass aft of the hinge is a flutter risk. That is why both kinds of balance appear on the same drawing and why confusing them is the most consequential error on this topic. Neither causes overbalance, which is a matter of area ahead of the hinge, and neither prevents trimming.

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