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The "Lay Observer Test" has been evolved in which of the following case pertaining to the Copyright Act ?

  • A.Apple Computer Inc Vs. Microsoft Corporation and Hewlett-Packard Co. 35 F3d 1435
  • B.R.G. Anand Vs. Delux Films AIR 1978 SC 1613
  • C.Mattel Inc and Ors Vs. Jayant Agarwalla and Ors 2008(153) DLT Sus
  • D.Eastern Book Company and Ors Vs. D.B. Modak and Anr (2008) 1 SCC 1

Answer: B

The test was evolved in R.G. Anand Vs. Delux Films, AIR 1978 SC 1613.

In R.G. Anand v. Delux Films (1978), the playwright of 'Hum Hindustani' alleged that the film 'New Delhi' copied his play. The Supreme Court held that there is no copyright in an idea, only in its expression, and laid down the test: if a spectator or viewer, after seeing both works, gets an unmistakable impression that one is a copy of the other, infringement is made out. This is the lay observer test.

Eastern Book Company v. D.B. Modak (2008) adopted the 'modicum of creativity' standard for originality. The Apple and Mattel cases concerned software and a board game, not the lay observer test as evolved in India.

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