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The electric field at a distance \( R \) from a point charge \( Q \) has magnitude

  • A.\( Q/(4\pi\epsilon_0 R^2) \)
  • B.\( Q/(4\pi\epsilon_0 R) \)
  • C.\( Q/(2\pi\epsilon_0 R) \)
  • D.\( Q/(2\epsilon_0) \)

Answer: A

Dividing Coulomb's force by the test charge leaves this expression, directed radially outward for a positive charge. The three wrong answers are each a correct formula for something else, which is why keeping the geometry in mind matters more than memorising forms.

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