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A hollow conductor with a charge inside its cavity but insulated from the walls induces on the inner wall a charge of

  • A.equal magnitude and the same sign as the enclosed charge
  • B.zero
  • C.half the magnitude of the enclosed charge
  • D.equal magnitude and opposite sign

Answer: D

The field within the metal must vanish, so a Gaussian surface inside the metal must enclose no net charge, which forces the induced inner charge to cancel the enclosed one. An equal charge of the original sign then appears on the outer surface.

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