Discussion
In microwave remote sensing, significant wave heights (SWH) over ocean surface can be determined by :
Answer: A
Significant wave height is determined by the Radar Altimeter.
A satellite radar altimeter sends short microwave pulses straight down and times their return. Over a rough sea the pulse returns from crests before troughs, so its leading edge is stretched; the slope of that edge gives significant wave height, while the return time gives sea surface height and the strength of the echo gives wind speed. TOPEX/Poseidon, Jason and the Indo-French SARAL-AltiKa work this way.
Synthetic aperture radar and the Shuttle Imaging Radar produce images and can show wave patterns, but they are not the routine source of significant wave height. The Thematic Mapper is an optical Landsat sensor, not a microwave instrument.
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