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The plot below shows the relationship between the mortality risk of cardiovascular disease and the number of steps a person walks per day. Based on the data, which one of the following options is true?

Mortality risk of cardiovascular disease against steps per day: falls from 1 at 0 steps to about 0.44 at 5000, about 0.18 at 10000, about 0.09 at 15000 and about 0.04 at 20000

  • A.The risk reduction on increasing the steps/day from 0 to 10000 is less than the risk reduction on increasing the steps/day from 10000 to 20000.
  • B.The risk reduction on increasing the steps/day from 0 to 5000 is less than the risk reduction on increasing the steps/day from 15000 to 20000.
  • C.For any 5000 increment in steps/day the largest risk reduction occurs on going from 0 to 5000.
  • D.For any 5000 increment in steps/day the largest risk reduction occurs on going from 15000 to 20000.

Answer: C

The true statement is For any 5000 increment in steps/day the largest risk reduction occurs on going from 0 to 5000.

Reading the plot, the risk falls from 1 to about 0.44 between 0 and 5000 steps, a drop of about 0.56. From 5000 to 10000 it falls by about 0.26, from 10000 to 15000 by about 0.09, and from 15000 to 20000 by about 0.05. The curve is steepest at the start and flattens out.

So the first option is false (a drop of about 0.82 from 0 to 10000 against about 0.14 from 10000 to 20000), the second is false (0.56 against 0.05), and the last picks the smallest drop instead of the largest.

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